[2019-12-18]越南是否正在逐步取代中国，成为美国进口产品的“首选出口国”？

Shava Nerad , Former Democratic Party State Committeewoman
I agree with all the other answers here, but let me spin it a little more and give a little historical context.
What is the icon of Japanese consumer manufacturing today? Good quality consumer electronics and cars, both leading the world in manufacturing quality — even over Germany in cars, for reputation, since the VW scandal.
Let’s roll that back half a century.
If my mother saw “Made in Japan” on a sticker on the bottom of something, she knew it was going to be cheap and shoddy. It was a standard joke. Before Japan started competing with us in electronics, “everyone knew” that Japan was full of low paid workers, and with engineers of no innovation who just copied our designs.
Then, in the 1970s and 1980s, Japan came out of the slump caused by their bankruptcy and defeat in WWII. The Semiconductor Research Coalition described their competition on VLSI (computer) chips as “a new Pearl Harbor,” and urged Congress to put in restrictions on trade for items that included Japanese chips or electronics as a protectionist measure for our own industry.

Shava Nerad 、前民主党国家委员会女委员
我同意这里的所有其他回答，但是让我稍微解释一下，给出一点历史背景。
今天日本消费制造业的标志是什么？高质量的消费电子产品和汽车，在制造质量方面均居世界领先地位——自大众汽车丑闻以来，甚至在汽车方面超过了德国。
让我们回到半个世纪前。如果我妈妈在什么东西的底部看到“日本制造”的标签，她就知道那是便宜而劣质的东西。这是一个很普遍的玩笑。在日本开始在电子产品领域与我们竞争之前，“每个人都知道”日本到处都是低薪工人，没有创新的工程师只是抄袭我们的设计。
然后，在20世纪70年代和80年代，日本走出了因破产和第二次世界大战的失败导致的经济衰退。半导体研究联盟将他们在超大规模集成电路芯片方面的竞争描述为“一个新的珍珠港事件” ，并敦促国会对包括日本芯片或电子产品在内的产品贸易加以限制，以此举措作为保护我们自己产业的措施。

Japan’s urbanization was going up, and so was their standard of living. And their currency.
Does any of this sound vaguely familiar?
This is the story of a nation emerging from developing nation to developed nation.
If they were an ally and a democracy we’d be cheering. But we seem not to be. Properly, we should be tending to our own house, and making them into proper allies against Russia.
Well, now Vietnam and a section of other nations (including in some senses India) are poised to push for their own elevation to developed nations. The cheap, shoddy goods that moved from China supply are now moving out as China ups their standards — but the demand hasn’t changed.
It comes from us (and other developed nations) who have sacrificed our manufacturing to buy cheap goods from countries with no labor laws, and have outsourced our own jobs such that all we can afford is to exploit the developing world.

日本的城市化进程在加快，他们的生活水平也在提高。还有他们的货币。这些听起来是不是很熟悉？这是一个从发展中国家成长到发达国家的故事。
如果他们是盟友和民主国家，我们会欢呼的。但似乎不是。恰当地说，我们应该关注我们自己的家园，让他们成为对抗俄罗斯的合适盟友。
现在，越南和其他一些国家(包括印度在内)正准备推动自己进入发达国家的行列。随着中国提高标准，从中国供应的廉价劣质商品正在向外转移，但需求并没有改变。它来自我们(和其他发达国家) ，我们牺牲了制造业，从没有劳动法的国家购买廉价商品，并将我们自己的工作外包出去，以至于我们能负担得起的就是利用发展中国家。

Inevitably, that sacrifice means we are running low on cash and a trained workforce — and manufacturing facilities we own — to compete in a global market.
And that’s the spin the jingoists don’t want to give you. We are now a country that Japan and China outsource jobs to. We have demolished our industries and labor laws, and the old idea of American innovation is gradually being replaced with younger people who are operatively conditioned to be risk averse by their huge load of debt coming out of college.
Don’t worry, if Trump keeps up his trade wars? We’ll fully fall back into a clear status as “developing nation,” and you won’t have to worry any more about how much we import. We won’t be well enough off.

不可避免的是，这种牺牲意味着，对于全球市场上竞争，我们的现金和训练有素的劳动力(以及我们拥有的制造设施)正在日益减少。
这就是沙文主义者不想给你的说辞。我们现在是一个日本和中国外包工作的国家。我们已经摧毁了我们的产业和劳动法，美国创新的旧观念正在逐渐被年轻人的观念所取代，年轻人由于大学毕业后背负的巨额债务，而在行为上习惯于规避风险。
但别担心，如果特朗普继续他的贸易战？我们将完全回落到一个明确的地位，成为“发展中国家” ，这样你就不必再担心我们进口多少。因为我们将会过得很糟糕。

Lance Chambers , Travelled extensively and see how politics works.
India, Pakistan, and a host of SE Asian nations, including Vietnam, are taking over the manufacture of cheap, low-tech, low-profit, lower-quality manufacturing from China, with China facilitating these moves. Western nation have been describing this as ‘the flight of western corporation out of China’ the truth is very different.
Do you remember when trump TOLD Xi to give up on Made in China 2025? Well Xi wasn't listening.
About a week or two ago China activated MiC2025 and the start was shifting those shit jobs out of China. Search for ‘MiC2015 9 page pdf’ if you want to gain an understanding of what this manifesto says about Chinas next phase of development. They are shifting into high-tech, high-profit, high-value, high-paying, ultra-high-quality manufacturing. In other words they are moving into direct confrontation with any and all Western nations for ‘top of the market sales’.

Lance Chambers 到处旅行，看看政治是如何运作的。
印度、巴基斯坦和包括越南在内的许多东南亚国家，正在从中国手中接管廉价、低技术含量、低利润、低质量的制造业，而中国为这些举措提供了便利。西方国家一直将此描述为“西方公司逃离中国”，但事实却是大相径庭。
你还记得特朗普告诉中国领导人放弃中国制造2025的时候吗？ 好吧，他没有理会特朗普。
大约一两个星期前，中国启动了中国制造2025，开始把那些该死的工作机会转移出中国。 如果你想了解这份宣言对中国下一阶段发展的意义，可以搜索“mic20159 page pdf”。 他们正在转向高科技、高利润、高价值、高薪酬、超高质量的制造业。 换句话说，他们正在与任何西方国家直接对抗，争夺“市场销售冠军”。

The Western nations have brought this upon themselves because of their hubris. They did the same with Japan when they started to manufacture motor vehicles. They laughted at the idea that Japan would ever make a vehicle that would be sold outside of Japan. As we know Japan, after a few years, started to outsell many Western auto manufacturers. They laughed at Kim of North Korea about ICBM and nukes — well guess what! They have done the same stupid thing again and overinflated their capacity and capabilities and demeaned those of another nations.
The western elites still think they can continue to rape their economies and put trillions into the bank accounts and tax havens and still see their countries prosper and grow. This sort of behaviour strips economies and turns then, inexorably, into third world countries. We are seeing this happening in the UK today as Boris Johnson steamrollers the British economy into the mud by pushing Brexit.
We in the West have allowed our egos to take over again and we have forgotten the lessons we should have remembered.

西方国家会因为他们的狂妄自大而自作自受。 当他们开始制造机动车时，他们也是这样对待日本的。 他们嘲笑日本制造汽车并在日本以外销售的想法。正如我们所知，几年后，日本的汽车销量开始超过许多西方汽车制造商。 他们嘲笑朝鲜的金正恩关于洲际弹道导弹和核武器的事情——你猜后来怎么着！ 他们又做了同样愚蠢的事情，过分夸大了自己的能力，贬低了其他国家的能力。
西方精英仍然认为，他们可以继续掠夺中国的经济，把数万亿美元投入银行账户和避税天堂，以为仍然可以看到自己国家的繁荣和增长。这种行为剥夺了经济，然后无情地将自己变成了第三世界国家。我们今天在英国看到了这种情况，鲍里斯•约翰逊通过推动英国脱欧，把英国经济推入深渊。
我们西方人已经让我们的自负再次占据了主导地位，我们已经忘记了我们应该吸取的教训。

Yue Yie , former Advisory Board Member (2017-2019)
Yes to a certain extent but not entirely because both China and the US still need each other more than what they are showing to the rest of the world.
I don’t think there was much hubris present back then on the part of US and its western allies as both they and China needed each other. The US needed cheap goods to wade through recessions in 1998 and 2008 while China needed foreign investments to help it enter into the new millennium.
In other hand i do think that the US and the west did underestimated China’s ability to copy and improve whatever they have learned from their foreign investors and later on buying them off either through licensing or acquisitions.
However the US is again making another big mistake by investing in Vietnam. For me Vietnam is just another China. They have the same ambition, legal loopholes and culture that encourages copy paste innovations just like China, Japan and Korea. The safest investment locations are actually in the rest of SEA nations minus Vietnam. Their climate and the more relaxed ways of doing things actually encourages them not to steal tech and the know how from foreign investors. Strict IP laws based on the British Common Law and enforcement in commonwealth countries such as Malaysia and Singapore is another advantage that US companies should consider while deciding to invest in these parts of the world:-)

Yue Yie ，前咨询委员会成员(2017-2019年)
在某种程度上是的，但并不完全是，因为中国和美国仍然需要彼此，而不是他们向世界其他国家展示的姿态，
1998年和2008年，美国需要廉价商品来度过经济衰退，而中国则需要外国投资来帮助它进入千禧年。我不认为当时美国和它的西方盟友有表现出太多的傲慢，因为他们和中国都需要对方。
另一方面，我确实认为，美国和西方确实低估了中国的能力，即模仿和改进他们从外国投资者那里学到的东西，以及后来通过许可证或收购他们的能力。
然而，美国在越南投资又犯了一个大错误。对我来说，越南只是另一个中国。 他们和中国、日本和韩国一样，有着同样的野心、法律漏洞和鼓励复制粘贴创新的文化。 最安全的投资地点实际上是除了越南以外的其他东南亚国家。 他们的环境和更为宽松的做事方式实际上鼓励他们不要从外国投资者那里窃取技术和诀窍。 以英国普通法为基础的严格的知识产权法，以及在马来西亚和新加坡等英联邦国家的实施，是美国公司在决定投资这些地区时应该考虑的另一个优势。

Lance Chambers , Been involved in US politics since Kennedy assassination.
It depends on what consumers want to CHOOSE!
China is facilitating the move of all, Chinese and foreign, low-valued, low-pay, low-tech, low-profit, lower-quality, etc. manufacturing to India, Pakistan and SE Asian nations and the reason is they have started to implement Made in China 2025. MiC2025 is a Chinese manifesto and plan to shift into high-pay, high-tech, high-profit, high-quality, etc. manufacturing. Here is a short 9-pager explaining it if you are interested - http://isdp.eu/content/uploads/2...
Vietnam would be one of those countries so, in part it is true that Vietnam is becoming one of an array of nations of choice for the types of products that China has been manufacturing over the past few decades.

Lance Chambers 肯尼迪遇刺后就开始参与美国政治。
这取决于消费者想要选择什么！
中国正在推动所有制造业向印度、巴基斯坦和东南亚国家转移，无论是中国的还是外国的，低价值，低工资，低技术含量，低利润和低质量等等，原因是他们已经开始实施中国制造2025。中国制造2025是一个中国宣言，计划转变为高薪、高科技、高利润、高质量等制造业。如果你对此感兴趣，这里有一个9页的简短解释。
越南将成为这些国家之一，因此，在某种程度上，越南确实正成为中国在过去几十年中制造的各类产品的首选国家之一。

China is going to compete directly with all the high quality, high priced, high tech, and high profit manufacturers worldwide.
PS Trump ordered Xi to discard MiC2025 but I don’t think that Xi was listening that day. That or he was and thought, nope! Still it’s not going to be a problem because ‘trade wars are easy to win’ according to Trump.

中国将直接与世界上所有高质量、高价格、高科技和高利润的制造商竞争。
另外：特朗普命令习放弃中国制造2025，但我认为习那天没有在听。或者他曾经有想过，然后决定，不！尽管如此，这不会成为一个问题，因为根据特朗普的说法“贸易战很容易赢”。

Mike Chiew , former Retired Marketing Manager
My opinion is some of the labour intensive industries may work well in Vietnam but efficiency in honoring dateline will definitely a big problem. What Chinese having now is speed, meeting dateline, prompt on delivery and their state of art computerised robotic systems are best in the world. Vietnam is still far from what China has achieved. And China has so many huge cargo and container ports which make them more efficient on sea freight delivery.
If Vietnam were to start investing on industry infrastructures now, it will take her 50 + years to achieve what China had today.

Mike Chiew 、前市场推广经理
我的观点是，一些劳动密集型行业可能在越南行之有效，但遵守日期的效率肯定会是一个大问题。中国现在拥有的是速度，满足日期，交货及时，以及世界上最先进的智能化机器人系统。越南距离中国取得的成就还有很长的路要走。而且中国有如此多的巨大货物和集装箱港口，这使得它们在海上的货物运输方面更加高效。
如果越南现在开始投资工业基础设施，她需要50多年才能达到中国今天的水平。

Ray Comeau , Decades working in analyzing risk and plotting strategy
Thanks for request.No.
Vietnam is part of a group of several countries that a producing low quality labour intensive manufacturing like clothes as China has outsourced most of that business given wages in China has been rising for the last 30 years.
Vietnam is not yet ready to take on other areas of mass production more complex manufacturing requiring more skills. Some of those are going to Thailand instead and India.
It will take a number of countries some time to be capable to providing all those goods.

Ray Comeau 几十年来致力于风险分析和策划策略
谢谢你的邀请。越南不会替代中国。
越南和其他一些国家一样，有生产低质量的劳动密集型制造业，比如服装，因为在过去的30年里中国的工资一直在上涨，中国已经将大部分业务外包出去了。
越南还没有准备好进行其他领域的大规模生产，更复杂的制造业需要更丰富的技能。其中一些业务将前往泰国和印度。
若干国家需要一段时间才能提供所有这些货物。

James Moy , lived in The United States of America
In the 1980s when I was first in business school it was not uncommon for US businesses to manufacture a product where labor was less expensive but stamp the product Made in America where it may just be put in a box and shipped. For at least a decade China has been doing the same thing in Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia) where they have been going so far as to teach some Southeast Asians to speak Mandarin Chinese. Since the end of the Vietnam War there has been a signifant increase in Chinese businesses in Southeast Asia especially in major cities. It should be noted that if the US pushes too hard China can simply ship their products from Southeast Asia and pretend the products are from Southeast Asia and not China.

James Moy 住在美利坚合众国
20世纪80年代，当我刚刚进入商学院时，美国企业生产劳动力成本较低的产品，但在上面盖上“美国制造”的章，然后将其装箱运走，这种情况并不少见。至少十年来，中国一直在东南亚(越南、老挝、柬埔寨)做着同样的事情，他们甚至在那里教一些东南亚人讲普通话。 越南战争结束以来，中国企业在东南亚特别是主要城市的业务有了显著的增长。 值得注意的是，如果美国对中国施加太大压力，中国可以直接从东南亚运输产品，并假装产品来自东南亚，而不是中国。

Liu LiSong , lives in China
Vietnam is too small and not industrialized enough to produce enough goods for the American people known for wasting resources. To satisfy material desires, the United States needs the entire Southeast Asia or India.
But the prerequisites required by industry are extremely strict. Except for the Western world and its vassals, the only countries that have achieved industrialization are China and the Soviet. I don't see any signs of India or ASEAN starting to enter the fast track of industrialization.
But under the severe China-US conflict, Made in Vietnam can at least ease the pain of American consumers. I hope that the Vietnamese people can take advantage of this opportunity wisely. But keep in mind that benefits and risks are often directly proportional.

Liu LiSong ，生活在中国
越南规模太小，工业化程度也不够，无法为美国人民生产足够的产品，因为他们以浪费资源著称。 为了满足物质欲望，美国需要整个东南亚或印度。
但是工业所需要的先决条件是非常严格的。 除了西方世界和它的附庸国，实现工业化的国家只有中国和苏联。 我没有看到任何印度或东盟等国家开始进入工业化快车道的迹象。
但在严重的中美冲突下，越南制造至少可以减轻美国消费者的痛苦。 我希望越南人民能够明智地利用这个机会。 但是请记住，收益和风险通常是成正比的。

Lin Xieyi , Interested in geopolitical affairs
For the garments and footwear industry, it certainly is.
As of end 2018, Vietnam has overtaken India to become the world's second largest exporter of garments and footwear,with exports valued at US$37 billion.
Most Vietnamese garment and footwear exports are processed from importing high-value dyed fabrics, zippers, fasteners from…China, valued at US$22 billion… this mean for every US$1 worth of finished product shipped, US$0.59 goes to Chinese manufacturers.
It seems to be a win-win scenario. For China, it gets to diversify from low-value added supply chain. For Vietnam, it gets to set up the manufacturing ecosystem(factories, workers, logistics, retail market).

Lin Xieyi 对地缘政治事务感兴趣
对于服装和鞋类行业来说，确实如此。
截至2018年底，越南已超过印度，成为世界第二大服装和鞋类出口国，出口额达370亿美元。
越南出口的大部分服装和鞋类产品都是从中国进口高价值的染色织物、拉链、扣件... 价值220亿美元 ... 这意味着每出口1美元的成品，中国制造商就能得到0.59美元。
这似乎是一个双赢的局面。 对于中国来说，它将从低附加值的供应链走向多样化。 就越南而言，它将建立制造业生态系统(工厂、工人、物流、零售市场)。

John Pryor
To a degree for the cheap low quality goods China used to be known for, China is farming these goods out to other nations so it can concentrate on higher profit items.
Hopefully the quality control does not take a step back & China passes on what it has learnt.
Its another income stream for China as in most cases at least some of the profits will go back to China.
Without help from China building infrastructure & putting systems in place Vietnam & other countries would struggle to take over much of the capacity so they need help.

John Pryor
从某种程度上讲，中国过去以廉价、低质量的商品而闻名，现在中国正将这些商品出口到其他国家，以便集中精力生产利润更高的商品。
但希望质量控制不会后退一步，中国会传授它所学到的东西。
它是中国的另一个收入来源，因为在大多数情况下，至少部分利润将回到中国。
如果没有中国的帮助，越南和其他国家将很难接管大部分的产能，因此他们需要帮助。

Dennis Mai , Financial Analyst
There isn’t a way for a country of 95 million population to replace 1,400 million population in manufacturing capacity. China has both a larger market and labor supply. Vietnam can replace a niche market, but it would be impossible to replace production of all sectors and industries.

Dennis Mai 、财务分析师
对于一个拥有9500万人口的国家来说，没有一种方法可以替代14亿人口的制造能力。 中国拥有更大的市场和劳动力供应。 越南可以取代利基市场，但不可能取代所有部门和行业的生产。

Roy Marchand , Retired software developer (50 years experience)
For the last several years a lot of cost sensitive manufacturing has been moved from China to other low cost Asian countries including Vietnam. The trend has accelerated because of the trade war but is not the cause of it.
It is simply an indication that companies making products for export to the US are doing their best to maximize profits.

Roy Marchand 退休软件开发人员(50年工作经验)
在过去的几年里，许多对成本敏感的制造业已经从中国转移到其他低成本的亚洲国家，包括越南。 由于贸易战，这一趋势已经加速，但这并不是它的原因。
这只是表明，制造出口到美国的产品的公司正在尽最大努力实现利润最大化。

Linh H Le , MD Primary Care Physicians, Hanoi Medical University (1994)
No
Trump truly wants US manufactures to move to Latin America so he can strangle China economy to death. Welcome Cold War 2.0. He might order OPIC to stop supporting American business overseas at any moment
Right now they move to Vietnam, Thailand and Srilanka so the currencies of these country so strong despite the weakness of EUR, AUD, CAD,GBP, RUPEE, YUAN…
China will disintegrate like USSR. The US had needed 35 years since 1954 Berlin Conference to make the soviet collapsed. May need just 15 years to make China gone counting from 2018 Helsinki Trump-Putin Summit.
Vietnam just a decoy so Trump can implement his plan to destroy China economy gradually

Linh H Le ，医学博士初级保健医生，河内医科大学(1994年)
不会。特朗普真心希望美国制造业转移到拉丁美洲，这样他就可以将中国经济扼杀在摇篮里。欢迎冷战2.0。 他可能随时命令美国海外私人投资公司停止支持美国的海外业务。
现在他们转移到越南，泰国和斯里兰卡，所以这些国家的货币非常强劲，尽管欧元，澳元，加元，英镑，卢比，人民币疲软...
中国会像苏联一样瓦解。 自1954年柏林会议以来，美国花了35年时间才使苏联解体。 从2018年赫尔辛基特朗普-普京峰会算起，中国可能只需要15年。
越南只是一个诱饵，这样特朗普就可以实施他逐步摧毁中国经济的计划。

Corey Tournet
Only to a small degree. Vietnam’s population is much smaller and on average, the skill level of the workers and factories lag China by quite a few years.

Corey Tournet
只有很小的程度。 越南的人口要少得多，平均而言，工人和工厂的技术水平比中国落后好几年。

George S T Khoo ,
It will if it satisfies.the US’s expectations and demands.

它会的，如果它满足美国的期望和要求。

Bob MacKenzie , former Business Owner and Manager. at Private Business Self Employed Thinker (1973-2019)
China is moving from low end manufacturing to high end manufacturing so they have moved some of their low end production into places like Vietnam and Bangladesh.

Bob MacKenzie 、前业主及经理。 私营企业自雇人士(1973-2019)
中国正在从低端制造业转向高端制造业，所以他们已经将一些低端生产转移到越南和孟加拉国等地。

Don Cascini , former Business Owner and Manager. at Private Business Self Employed Thinker (1973-2019)
Yes, they have gained many US companies production moving from China. However, they lack port facilities and good roads. So, they will have a limited increase in business.

Don Cascini
是的，他们已经从中国获得了许多美国公司的产品生产业务。然而，他们缺乏港口设施和良好的道路。因此，他们的业务增长有限。

Bill Zhang , Principal
No!

Bill Zhang 、校长
不会！

Ashok Moza , Chemical Consultant
No. There are many contenders this time. U have Bangladesh, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippine, Sri Lanka and India. Vietnam will and is benefiting but then so are other countries.

Ashok Moza 、化学顾问
不会。 这次有很多竞争者。 有孟加拉国、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、斯里兰卡和印度。 越南将会受益，但其他国家也会受益。

Dan Le
Vietnam is too small to ever be replacing China. Temporary China will move some business to Vietnam to avoid the tax to US but it’s still very small portions that are insignificant to compare with the real huge cheap labor China

Dan Le
越南太小了，不可能取代中国。 中国临时将把一些业务转移到越南，以避免向美国征税，但越南与中国真正庞大的廉价劳动力相比，这仍然是微不足道的一小部分。

John Brennan , former Inventor at Retired
Vietnam on its own does not have the population on its own to replace China.

John Brennan ，退休前发明家
越南本身没有足够的人口来取代中国。

Joel Carlson , Maintenance Worker at Cuesta Community College (1984-present)
Probably because china is trying to avoid tariffs by fingering their exports through other countries.

Joel Carlson 、 Cuesta 社区学院维修工人(1984年至今)
可能是因为中国正试图通过指控其他国家的出口来避免关税。

Lei Peng , PR Manager at XYLink (2017-present)
Are Mexico and Canada replacing the United States as China's largest trading partner?

Lei Peng ，XYLink 公关经理(2017年至今)
墨西哥和加拿大是否会取代美国，成为中国最大的贸易伙伴？

Tay David
Vietnam replacing China’s products into US. I dont think so. US may buy more from China but nit realizing that most factory are China invested factories.

Tay David
越南取代中国产品进入美国。 我不这么认为。 美国可能从中国购买更多的产品，因为没有意识到大多数工厂都是中国投资的工厂。

James Graham , studied Database Systems & Computer Programming
To some extent, yes. Vietnam can’t actually produce all that China does, it isn’t big enough (though it has so far gotten most of the business). Due to this, supply chains are being distributed throughout south/southeast asia.

James Graham ，研究数据库系统和计算机编程
在某种程度上，是的。 越南实际上不可能生产中国生产的所有产品，它的规模还不够大(尽管迄今为止越南已经获得了大部分业务)。 正因为如此，供应链正分布在整个南亚 / 东南亚。

Roger Shepard , former Lt. Col at U.S. Army (1975-2005)
No. The scale is all wrong.

Roger Shepard 曾任美国陆军中校(1975-2005)
不会，规模完全就对不上。

George Soong , Director at Cyrus Systems Technology
We are seeing many companies moving to Vietnam. and it is possible to have a shift in where some products are sourced. But the current China position was first seen in Japan, then Taiwan. Other countries are emerging now, not just Vietnam.

George Soong ，赛勒斯系统技术总监
我们看到许多公司转移到越南。有些产品的制造来源也可能发生变化。 但中国目前的立场首先是在日本，然后是台湾。 其他国家正在崛起，不仅仅是越南。

Robert Schumacher , former Operations Sergeant, (Team Sergeant) at U.S. Army Special Forces (1974-1994)
The country is only one of several seeking a place in the new supply chain which is beginning to exclude China.

Robert Schumacher 曾任美国陆军特种部队中士(1974-1994)
越南只是寻求在新的供应链中占有一席之地的几个国家之一，而新的供应链已经开始将中国排除在外。

Wenhe Lu , Modeling Actuary (2016-present)
Yes.

Wenhe Lu 、建模精算师(2016年至今)
是的。